Migration linked to prostitution
The phenomenon of foreign women,
who line the roadsides of Italy, has become a notorious fact of Italian
life. These women work in sub-human conditions; they are sent out
without any hope of regularizing their legal status and can be easily
transferred into criminal networks.
Many are Africans working as prostitutes to send money home to their families.
For nearly twenty years the women of Benin City, a town in the state of Edo in the
south-central
part of Nigeria, have been going to Italy to work in the sex trade and
every year successful ones have been recruiting younger girls to follow
them.
The Nigerian trafficking industry is fueled by the
combination of widespread emigration aspirations and severely limited
possibilities for migrating to Europe.
The term Trafficking of
persons is restricted to instances where people are deceived,
threatened, or coerced into situations of exploitation, including
prostitution. This contrasts with Human smuggling, in which a migrant
purchases services to circumvent immigration restrictions, but it is not
a victim of deception or exploitation.
Most migrant women,
including those who end up in the sex industry, have made a clear
decision to leave home and take their chances overseas. They are
headstrong and ambitious women who migrate in order to escape conflict,
persecution, environmental degradation, natural disasters and other
situations that affect their habitat and livelihood.
Ensuring a
better future for one’s family in Nigeria is a principal motivation for
emigration within and outside the trafficking networks. Working abroad
is therefore often seen as the best strategy for escaping poverty. The
success of many Italos, as these women are called, is evident in Edo.
For many girls prostitution in Italy has become an entirely acceptable
trade and the legend of their success makes the fight against sex
traffickers all the more difficult.
One concern is that the
anti-trafficking crusade is causing effects opposite to its objectives.
What presents itself as a campaign to protect migrants from harm is
actually making their efforts to flee home, to find work, to make the
most of their lives in often difficult and unforgiving circumstances,
much harder.
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